Spring Boot Interview Questions (2025)

Check the list of Spring Boot interview questions covering various topics like definitions, basic setups, configurations, microservices, performance tuning, and advanced concepts, which will help you prepare well for interviews. This will be useful for both beginners and experienced professionals.

What is Spring Boot?

Spring Boot is an open-source Java-based framework used to create stand-alone, production-grade Spring-based applications with minimal setup. It is built on the top of the Spring Framework and helps developers create enterprise-level applications quickly and efficiently by providing production-ready defaults and configurations.

1. Spring Boot Core Concepts

1. What is Spring Boot?
2. What are the advantages of Spring Boot?
3. What is the difference between Spring and Spring Boot?
4. What are the essential components of Spring Boot?
5. What is Auto-Configuration in Spring Boot?
6. What is @SpringBootApplication annotation and its internal working?
7. Can we use Spring Boot for non-Spring applications?
8. How does Spring Boot work?
9. What are the different options for creating a Spring Boot application?
10. What is new in Spring Boot 2.0?

2. Spring Boot Configuration & Setup

11. What is Spring Boot Initializer and its advantages?
12. How to create a Spring Boot project using Spring Initializer?
13. What is the purpose of application.properties/application.yml file?
14. How to override default properties in Spring Boot?
15. What is YAML in Spring Boot?
16. How to use profiles in Spring Boot?
17. How to set active profile in Spring Boot?
18. What is the use of @Profile annotation?
19. How to get current profile in Spring Boot?
20. Why do we need spring-boot-maven-plugin?
21. How to disable specific auto-configuration in Spring Boot?
22. What are the most common Spring Boot CLI commands?
23. What is Spring Boot CLI and what are its benefits?

3. Dependency Management & Components

24. How does Spring Boot handle dependency management?
25. What are Spring Boot Starters?
26. Name some starters provided by Spring Boot.
27. What is the purpose of the @ComponentScan annotation?
28. What is component scanning?
29. Explain the difference between @Component, @Service, and @Repository annotations.
30. What is Spring Bean?
31. What is Inner Bean in Spring?
32. What is Bean Wiring?
33. What is the use of @Configuration annotation?
34. What is the purpose of @Bean annotation?
35. Explain Bean scopes in Spring Boot.
36. What is the purpose of @Value annotation?
37. What is the purpose of @EnableAutoConfiguration annotation?

4. Dependency Injection & Autowiring

38. What is Dependency Injection?
39. What is Auto-wiring?
40. Explain Constructor Injection.
41. Explain Setter Injection.
42. Explain Field Injection.
43. What is the difference between Constructor and Setter Injection?
44. What is the purpose of @Autowired annotation?
45. What is IOC container?

5. Web Layer & MVC

46. What is Spring MVC?
47. Explain the flow of Spring MVC.
48. What is Dispatcher Servlet?
49. What is the difference between @Controller and @RestController?
50. What is the use of @Controller annotation?
51. What is the purpose of @RestController annotation?
52. Explain @GetMapping and @PostMapping.
53. What is the difference between @RequestMapping and @GetMapping?
54. Difference between @RequestParam and @PathVariable.
55. What is the purpose of @ModelAttribute?
56. How does Spring MVC support validation?
57. What is the use of @ResponseEntity annotation?
58. What is RESTful API in Spring Boot?
59. What is the purpose of @Scheduled annotation?
60. What is Thymeleaf?
61. Describe the flow of HTTPS requests through Spring Boot application.

6. Data Access Layer

62. What is Spring Data JPA?
63. Explain features of Spring Data JPA.
64. What is the use of @EnableJpaRepositories annotation?
65. How to create a custom Repository in Spring JPA?
66. Difference between CRUDRepository and JPARepository.
67. Explain common CrudRepository methods.
68. What is the purpose of save() method in CrudRepository?
69. Difference between findById() and getOne().
70. Difference between delete() and deleteInBatch() methods.
71. What is the use of @Modifying annotation?
72. Explain @Transactional annotation in Spring.
73. What is Spring Data REST?
74. Why is Spring Data REST not recommended in real-world applications?
75. How is Hibernate chosen as the default implementation for JPA without any configuration?
76. What error do you see if H2 is not present in the class path?
77. Mention the steps to connect Spring Boot application to database using JDBC.

7. Security

78. What is Spring Security?
79. What are the features of Spring Security?
80. How to implement security for Spring Boot application?
81. How to enable Spring Boot security?
82. What is Basic Authentication?
83. What is Digest Authentication?
84. What is JWT and its advantages?
85. How to implement JWT?
86. What is Spring Security OAuth2?
87. What is authentication vs authorization?
88. What is SecurityContext in Spring Security?
89. How to get current logged-in user in Spring security?
90. What is AuthenticationManager?
91. What is DelegatingFilterProxy?
92. What is FilterChainProxy?
93. Difference between hasAuthority and hasRole?
94. What is SSL and its use?
95. What is salting?
96. What is hashing in Spring Security?
97. How to secure passwords in a web application?
98. What are the various ways to implement security in Spring Boot project?

8. Monitoring & Actuator

99. What is Spring Boot Actuator?
100. How to enable actuator in Spring Boot?
101. What are the actuator endpoints for monitoring?
102. How to enable all endpoints in actuator?
103. What is shutdown in actuator?
104. How to get the list of beans available in Spring application?
105. How to check environment properties in Spring Boot application?

9. Development Tools & Deployment

106. What are Spring Boot DevTools used for?
107. How can I reload Spring Boot changes without restarting the server?
108. What are the embedded containers supported by Spring Boot?
109. How to run Spring Boot application on a custom port?
110. How to override or replace the embedded Tomcat server?
111. Can we create a non-web application in Spring Boot?
112. How to generate a WAR file with Spring Boot?
113. How to include custom static content (e.g., custom JS code)?
114. How to configure database using Spring Boot?
115. What is the default port of Tomcat in Spring Boot?
116. Can we disable the default web server in Spring Boot application?
117. What are the differences between WAR and embedded containers?
118. How to deploy to a different server with Spring Boot?

10. Exception Handling & Logging

119. How to handle exceptions in Spring MVC?
120. Explain @ControllerAdvice in Spring Boot.
121. What is the purpose of @RestControllerAdvice?
122. What logging support is provided by Spring Boot?
123. How to control logging level in Spring Boot?
124. How to enable debugging log in Spring Boot?

11. Advanced Concepts

125. What is Spring Cloud?
126. What is AOP (Aspect-Oriented Programming)?
127. What is a Runner and its types (ApplicationRunner vs CommandLineRunner)?
128. How to implement SSL/HTTPS in Spring Boot?
129. What are the advantages of using YAML file over Properties file and different ways to load YAML file in Spring Boot?
130. REST and HTTP fundamentals.

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